SOCIAL CONSTRUCTION OF REALITY

The Social Construction of Reality is a book about the sociology of knowledge written by Peter L. Berger and Thomas Luckmann and published in 1966.


1.Q: What do you understand the term renaissance to mean ?

Ans: I've Understand the term renaissance means "rebirth". The idea of rebirth originated in the belief that Europeans had rediscovered the superiority of Greek and Roman culture after many centuries of what they considered intellectual and cultural decline.

It describes the intellectual and economic changes that occurred in Europe from the fourteenth through the sixteenth centuries.

It was the reformation of many old ideas and the formation of many new, this was called the Renaissance. It was a time of fun and enjoying life, and it brought many changes to Europe. The economy rose as a result of all the new explorations. The flourishing economy helped to inspire new developments in art and literature, and new ways of thinking were formed.

Science was another change due to renaissance. People began to put their ideas to use. Astronomy, geography, medicine, natural science, and Greek mathematics emerged significantly. People began to think intellectually.

2.Q: Who was Nicola Machiavelli?

Ans: Nicola Machiavelli was a great political interpreter. He was born on May 3, 1469, who lived in Florence. He worked as a diplomat and grew up to be a lawyer and politician. As he grew up, he took office until the Medici took power and pushed him out of office. In 1512 to 1527, he was kicked out of office again and this led to his in-depth view of the politics at that time. When he wrote The Prince he was determined to regain the favors of the Medici Family and to help other rulers keep their power. This was intended to help only the rulers and not the lower classes.

Machiavelli was a great political interpreter during the Renaissance. However, as time moved on, many different types of governments such as democracy and communism sprung up. What Machiavelli failed to interpret were the types of governments ancient civilization had. Therefore, as time moved on, some governments chose to branch off from ancient civilization rather than Machiavelli's interpretation of politics.

3.Q: Who Was Edmund Burke?

Ans: Edmund Burke (12 January 1729 – 9 July 1797) was an Anglo-Irish statesman, author, orator, political theorist, and philosopher who served for many years in the British House of Commons as a member of the Whig party.

He is mainly remembered for his support of the American colonies in the dispute with King George III and Great Britain that led to the American Revolution and for his strong opposition to the French Revolution. The latter made Burke one of the leading figures within the conservative faction of the Whig party (which he dubbed the "Old Whigs"), in opposition to the pro-French-Revolution "New Whigs", led by Charles James Fox.

Burke also published a philosophical work where he attempted to define Emotions and Passions as well as how they are triggered in a person. Burke worked on aesthetics and founded the Annual Register, a political review. He is often regarded by conservatives as the philosophical founder of Anglo-American conservatism.

4.Q: What does the term 'doctrinaire radicalism' mean?

Ans: The term 'doctrinaire radicalism' refers to socio-cultural reforming or revolutionary activities which doesn’t even care whether human lives or certain happiness is harmfully affected for itself or not. It is certainly a devastating way of reforming human thoughts, e.g. the activities of revolutionaries had tried to do in The French Revolution in 1789.

5.Q: From reading this, how would you define the term 'socially constructed'?

Ans: Yet to publish

6.Q: What Does 'a priori' mean?

Ans: I've searched some dictionary to figure the meaning of 'a priori'

Thats what i got

a priori

Translation

1. derived by logic

Adjective

1. (law, Latinate) Known ahead of time.
2. (logic) Based on hypothesis rather than experiment.

   a priori knowledge

3. Self-evident, intuitively obvious

Adverb

1. (logic) Derived by logic.

In Philosophy the word ‘A priori’ is used to distinguish between deductive and inductive way of thinking. A person can study over his social errors caused by inductive thinking and must get some Notions from its research. As its impact the notion can totally change the point of view/the way of thinking from experiential to logical. Thus the new notion got from the experimental process is called 'A priori'.